The Case for Dual-Track Discovery: Capability vs. Capacity
November 16, 2025

Dual-track discovery. Our view on when it adds value and how capability and capacity assessments improve supplier decisions.

What is Dual-Track discovery?

Dual-track discovery is a two-path assessment that separates supplier capability from supplier capacity to give a clearer, more accurate view of delivery viability.


It recognises that a supplier’s technical competence (capability) and its ability to deliver at scale and within required timeframes (capacity) are distinct issues that often move independently. In procurement and delivery-intensive industries, dual-track discovery examines these two dimensions in parallel to determine:

  • whether a supplier can meet the technical, regulatory, and quality requirements, and
  • whether it has the workforce, equipment, financial resilience, and available bandwidth to actually deliver the package within the delivery window.

The approach creates a more realistic fact base for shortlisting, tendering, mobilisation, and risk management, especially for large, multi-package programs.

1. Capability Discovery

Capability discovery asks whether a supplier can technically deliver the work to the required standard. It looks at the supplier’s skills, past performance, certifications, systems, quality processes, and regulatory compliance. The aim is to confirm that the supplier is technically competent and able to meet the scope, requirements, and assurance expectations of the project. What this track examines:

  • Technical competencies aligned to package scope
  • Evidence of delivery quality on comparable projects
  • Systems, processes, and certifications needed for regulated environments
  • Governance, reporting, and data maturity relevant to client expectations
  • ESG, safety, and regulatory readiness

2. Capacity Discovery

Capacity discovery asks whether a supplier can deliver the work at the required scale and within the required timeframe. It focuses on workforce availability, current workload, plant and equipment, subcontractor depth, financial resilience, and operational bandwidth. The aim is to confirm the supplier has sufficient resources to execute the package without causing delays or constraints.What this track examines:

  • Active workload, pipeline, and scheduling constraints
  • Workforce availability across critical trades
  • Plant, fleet, and fabrication capacity
  • Subcontractor depth and dependencies
  • Cashflow resilience and ability to scale delivery
  • Geographic limitations and multi-site operations

Important Notes

Dual-track discovery treats capability and capacity as two different questions because a supplier can be strong in one and weak in the other. A supplier may be highly capable but fully committed on other projects, or may have available resources but lack the technical competence for a complex package.

Assessing both tracks in parallel gives a clearer and more realistic view of delivery viability and reduces the risk of shortlisting suppliers who cannot meet either the technical requirements or the delivery window.

  • Single-track qualification blurs viability. Suppliers that appear technically capable may be at capacity, financially stretched, or unable to resource multiple concurrent packages.
  • Dual-track creates a fact base for sequencing, packaging, and allocation. It guides which suppliers should progress to tender, which require intervention, and which are not viable for the delivery window.
  • It strengthens commercial leverage and protects delivery confidence. By understanding capability and capacity separately, clients can structure tenders, contract strategies, and mobilisation plans with real-world constraints in mind.

Our Interpretation: A Simple Rule To Follow

Dual-track discovery is not something you need to apply to every procurement process. It is applied only when there is material uncertainty about a supplier's technical capability or their delivery capacity. If both are predictable and low-risk, the extra assessment adds little to no value.

A Simple Rule is:

If capability is clear and capacity is unconstrained, dual-track adds little to no value.

If either dimension is uncertain, it becomes beneficial.

In other words, dual-track becomes important only when getting the wrong supplier onto the shortlist could create delays, quality issues, or resourcing problems once delivery begins.

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